U.S. Social Security Administration, Office of Retirement and Disability Policy.

Social Security Administration's Master Earnings File: Background Information

 
by Anya Olsen and Russell Hudson
Social Security Bulletin, Vol. 69 No. 3, 2009

Text description for Chart 1. Historical expansion of Social Security coverage: Additional types of workers covered, by date of authorizing legislation

1935: All workers in commerce and industry under age 65 (covered after 1936).

1939: Age restriction eliminated (effective 1940).

1950: Regularly employed farm and domestic workers, nonfarmself-employed (except members of professional groups), U.S. citizens employed abroad by U.S. employers, and workers in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (effective 1951).

1954: Self-employed farm workers, self-employed professionals (with some exceptions), and home workers (effective 1955).

1960: U.S. citizens employed in the U.S. by foreign governments or international organizations, and workers in Guam and American Samoa (effective 1961).

1965: Interns, self-employed physicians, and employees with tip income (for employee share of tax only) (effective 1966).

1982: Federal employees, for Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) only (effective 1983).

1983: Federal employees hired after 12/31/1983, including executive, legislative, and judicial branch employees, members of Congress, president, vice president, sitting federal judges, most executive-level political appointees, newly hired employees of nonprofit organizations, and U.S. residents employed abroad by U.S. employers (effective 1984).

1990: State and local government employees not under a state or local government retirement system (with some exceptions) (effective July 1991).

1994: Police and firefighters under a public retirement system can be covered for Social Security in all states (effective August 1994).

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